IIS stops working after Windows 10 Fall Update

After installing the Fall Creators Update on Windows 10, IIS promptly stopped working.

In the event viewer, the following vague message appeared on various app pools:
The worker process for application pool 'DefaultAppPool' encountered an error 'Cannot read configuration file
' trying to read configuration data from file '\\?\', line number '0'. The data field contains the error code.

Ajeet Yelandur had a solution, and it works well:

Stop “Windows Process Activation Service” and “W3SVC” service and clean out (delete) all the files under C:\Inetpub\temp\AppPools*. Start your services and the sites should be back to work.

Thank you Ajeet!

(Posted here to help other searchers. It took me a while to find the solution amongst increasingly noisy Google results.)